Borrow vs Lend: What's the Difference?

Quick Answer

Borrow = TAKE something temporarily (← receive)

Lend = GIVE something temporarily (→ give)

Explanation

BORROW ← (receive)

Take something from someone temporarily

borrow + something + from + person

"Can I borrow your car?"

"I borrowed $20 from my friend."

LEND → (give)

Give something to someone temporarily

lend + person + something

"Can you lend me your car?"

"She lent me $20."

Visual:

Person A📚→ lends →← borrows ←📚Person B

Memory tip: Borrow = Bring to me. Lend = Leave with you.

Examples

Can I borrow your phone?
Can you lend me your phone?
I borrowed a book from the library.
The bank lent them money for a house.
She never lends her clothes to anyone.
Can you borrow me your pen?
I lent a book from the library.

Common Mistake

Incorrect: Can you borrow me $10?

(You cannot "borrow someone" something)

Correct: Can you lend me $10?

Also correct: Can I borrow $10 from you?

Verb Forms

BasePastPast Participle
borrowborrowedborrowed
lendlentlent

Practice

Fill in with "borrow" or "lend":

"I forgot my umbrella. Could you _____ me yours?"

Show answer

Answer: Could you lend me yours?

"Lend" is correct because you're asking someone to give you something temporarily.

Related Grammar

Follow the direction of the temporary transfer

Borrow describes receiving something temporarily; lend describes giving it temporarily. Use borrow something from someone, lend someone something, or lend something to someone. The past forms are borrowed and lent.

Practise the distinction

  1. May I ___ your pen?

    Show answer and explanation

    borrow

    The speaker wants to receive it temporarily.

  2. Could you ___ me your pen?

    Show answer and explanation

    lend

    The listener is asked to give it temporarily.

  3. Rewrite: Sara lent me her notes.

    Show answer and explanation

    I borrowed Sara's notes from her.

    The same transfer is described from the receiver's viewpoint.